Coat coloration in cattle varies widely, ranging from solid white, black, red, brown, and dun to complex patterns like brindle, spotted, belted, and roan. These diverse hues result from a complex interplay of genes controlling pigment production and distribution.
Cattle pigmentation has been significant throughout history, influencing breed recognition, aesthetic preferences, and even cultural symbolism. Breed standards often dictate specific coat colors, impacting a breed’s perceived value and purity. Further, research suggests some coat colors may be associated with certain physiological traits, like heat tolerance or disease resistance. Understanding bovine coat genetics is crucial for breeding programs and can contribute to improving herd management practices.